Strain Detail Sheet

Mammalian Phenotype Terms:(provided by MGI)      Extend all MPTs
      assigned by genotype

The following phenotype information may relate to one or more alleles on a genetic background differing from this MMRRC strain.

A^y/A

        involves: C57BL/6

• adipose tissue phenotype
  • increased brown adipose tissue amount (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • female mice have a 6-fold gain in weight of BAT compared to littermate controls
  • increased gonadal fat pad weight (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • female mice have almost a 7-fold gain in weight of fat pad
  • increased inguinal fat pad weight (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • female mice have a greater than 6-fold gain in weight of fat pad
  • increased percent body fat (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • female mice have almost a 4-fold gain in percentage of body fat compared to littermate controls
    • male mice have almost a 1.8-fold gain in percentage of body fat compared to littermate controls
  • increased retroperitoneal fat pad weight (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • female mice have almost a 6-fold gain in weight of fat pad
• behavior/neurological phenotype
  • hypoactivity (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • the locomotor activity of mice is about half that of wild-type mice
  • increased eating behavior (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • 18 week old mice eat about 1.4 times more food during a 7 day period compared to wild-type controls
• growth/size phenotype
  • increased body length (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • female but not male mice have a significant 5% increase in their body length
  • increased susceptibility to weight gain (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • mice gain weight at a greater rate than littermate controls starting at six weeks of age
  • obese (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • by 23 weeks of age, female mice have almost double the weight compared to their wild-type littermate controls
• homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
  • increased circulating leptin level (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • circulating levels of leptin are over 12-fold higher compared to littermate controls
• liver/biliary system phenotype
  • increased liver weight (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • female mice have almost a 2-fold gain in weight of the liver
• pigmentation phenotype
  • yellow coat color (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • mice have a yellow coat color
• integument phenotype
  • yellow coat color (MGI Ref ID J:131039)
    • mice have a yellow coat color

A^y/a

        B6.Cg-A<y>/J

• behavior/neurological phenotype
  • abnormal food intake (MGI Ref ID J:102986)
    • the stress of isolation, restraint, or ip injection inhibits feeding
• pigmentation phenotype
  • abnormal hair follicle melanogenesis (MGI Ref ID J:1295)
    • tyrosinase levels in hairbulb melanocytes ,as determined by 35S methionine incorporation and immunotitration, are reduced in comparison to a/a controls
    • decreased tyrosinase suggests the production of predominantly phaeomelanin (yellow)
• integument phenotype
  • abnormal hair follicle melanogenesis (MGI Ref ID J:1295)
    • tyrosinase levels in hairbulb melanocytes ,as determined by 35S methionine incorporation and immunotitration, are reduced in comparison to a/a controls
    • decreased tyrosinase suggests the production of predominantly phaeomelanin (yellow)

A^y/a

        involves: KK

• homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
  • abnormal lipid homeostasis (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • lipogenesis from acetate is elevated at 5 weeks of age, the enhanced activity is maintained until 16 weeks of age
    • the acetate/glucose ratio is higher than control in young mice
  • hyperglycemia (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • blood glucose levels increase with age in both sexes
    • marked hyperglycemia (400-500 mg/dl) develops by 16 weeks of age
  • impaired glucose tolerance (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
  • increased circulating insulin level (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • markedly elevated plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) level increases with age
  • increased urine glucose level (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • present at all ages tested (5, 10, 16 weeks) and in both sexes
  • insulin resistance (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • insulin sensitivity is impaired at 10 weeks an d lost by 16 weeks
• adipose tissue phenotype
  • increased total body fat amount (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • adipose tissue weight increases with age, reaching a maximum at 10 weeks of age
• growth/size phenotype
  • increased susceptibility to weight gain (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • greater body weight gain occurs in females as compared to black KK controls
• endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
  • abnormal pancreatic islet morphology (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • islets are hypertrophic in 10-16 week old mice
    • central cavity formation with occasional red blood cells is observed in islets
    • degranulated pancreatic beta cells (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
      • beta cells are degranulated
      • degranulated islets are infiltrated with fine glycogen granules
• renal/urinary system phenotype
  • abnormal renal glomerular capsule (MGI Ref ID J:26460)
    • basement membrane of Bowman

      Founder genetic background: old mutant of the mouse fancy

      Strain genetic background: JU/CtLm (MMRRC:000136)

      Strain Development: Spontaneous mutation maintained by backcross to wildtype JU/CtLm (MMRRC:000136) mice.

      Suggested Control Mice:

      • Wildtype littermates
      • MMRRC:000136

• Pigmentation
• Diabetes/Obesity
• Reproduction

Donor: Dr. M. L. Lamoreux, Texas A&M University

Primary Reference:

• Michaud EJ, Bultman SJ, Klebig ML, van Vugt MJ, Stubbs LJ, Russell LB, Woychik RP. A molecular model for the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of the mouse lethal yellow (Ay) mutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Mar 29;91(7):2562-6. (Medline: 8146154)
• Lamoreux ML, Wakamatsu K, Ito S. Interaction of major coat color gene functions in mice as studied by chemical analysis of eumelanin and pheomelanin. Pigment Cell Res. 2001 Feb;14(1):23-31. (Medline: 11277491)
• Ollmann MM, Lamoreux ML, Wilson BD, Barsh GS. Interaction of Agouti protein with the melanocortin 1 receptor in vitro and in vivo. Genes Dev. 1998 Feb 1;12(3):316-30. (Medline: 9450927)

Coat color: Yellow

Other:

MMRRC Breeding System: Backcross

Breeding Scheme(s):

• JU/CtLm Wildtype Female x Heterozygous Yellow Male
• Heterozygous Yellow Female x JU/CtLm Wildtype Male
• Heterozygous Yellow Female x Heterozygous Yellow Male

Generation: N10+

Overall Breeding Performance: Good for young mice but quickly drops off as mice age. Both males and females quickly become sterile if they become obese.

Viability and Fertility:	Female	Male
Homozygotes are viable:	No	No
Homozygotes are fertile:	No	No
Heterozygotes are fertile:	Yes	Yes
Age Reproductive Decline:	20 weeks	20 weeks

Average litter size: Unknown

Recommended wean age: 4 weeks

Mice recovered from a cryo-archive will have health surveillance performed on recipient females. Health reports will be provided prior to shipment. If you require additional health status information, please email mmrrc@missouri.edu.